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MEMS Sensors

6-axis Force/Torque Sensor Engineering

We combined MEMS PRT technology with a metal flexural structure to create a simple, reliable and cost effective sensor. The MMS101 utilizes six analog front end (AFE) ICs and one MEMS PRT dies providing digital SPI interface fully calibrated output. Correction coefficients used for matrix operation (removal of interference components from other axes) are stored in the AFE IC memory, and can be read prior to the start of measurement which eliminates the need for users to control the sensor and coefficients for correction. Built-in linear regulators (LDO) reduce noise to provide high resolution signals. Weighing only 3 grams and having a diameter of 9.6 mm, the MMS101 is suitable for force (as low as 0.04 Newton) and torque measurements within the fingertips of robotic hands.

mems sensor with flexure
Mitsumi 6-Axis Force Sensor electric diagram
Mitsumi 6-Axis Force Sensor in robotics

Thermal Effects of Improper Mounting

The MMS101 is a fully integrated, calibrated, and temperature-compensated 6-axis force/torque sensor. Due to its integrated components, the sensor generates a small internal thermal load. When an external force is applied without proper mounting, thermal conditions can shift, causing output drift until equilibrium is reached. Proper mounting increases thermal mass and stability, reducing these effects.

To evaluate this behavior, comparative tests were conducted to measure Z-axis response under proper and improper mounting conditions. Loads were applied using both a roll of solder and a plumb weight. In each case, the sensor was tested when securely mounted on both ends and when mounted from only one end.

The results show that improper mounting leads to unstable output and continuous drift in the Z-axis. In contrast, when the sensor is properly mounted, the output remains stable and repeatable, with response times of only a few seconds during load application and removal.

Experiment 1

With top plate
Without top plate

The left graph shows then sensor mounted on both ends and weight* is placed ① on top of the upper plate to load the Z-axis. At around 25 seconds, the weight is removed ②.

The right graph shows the sensor mounted only to a lower plate and weight is placed ③ on top of the sensor to load the Z-axis. At after 18 seconds, the weight is removed ④.

*2 rolls of solder wire used as weights

Experiment 2

In experiment 2, the sensor was properly mounted, and the test was conducted two times to demonstrate repeatability. In this test, the load was a plumb and was placed on top of the upper mounting plate at ① and removed at ②.

In the final test of experiment 2, the upper mounting plate was removed while the lower mounting plate remains.  The plumb was placed at point ① and the sensor immediately drifts upward above the offset cancel point without the removal of the load.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Why does my Fz output so low when I test the sensor on a bench?

The sensor is calibrated during mounting which places a load on the sensor element. Thus, when testing the sensor without proper mounting, the sensor element is not loaded, and the output of Fz is much lower.

Why does my sensor output drift during testing on a bench?

Then sensor contains may components that generates a thermal load. When a load is placed on the sensor it changes the sensor thermal equilibrium causing the sensor to drift slowly until it stabilized.

Can the sensor be damaged with improper installation?

Yes, the lower mounting tapped holes are through holes and screws that are too long will damage the flex cable inside the sensor causing permanent damage.

Video: MEMS 6-axis Force/Torque Sensor Technology

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